%0 Journal Article %J Nature Materials %D 2023 %T Laser Writing of Spin Defects in Nanophotonic Cavities %A Aaron M. Day %A Jonathan R. Dietz %A Madison Sutula %A Matthew Yeh %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X High-yield engineering and characterization of cavity–emitter coupling is an outstanding challenge in developing scalable quantum network nodes. Ex situ defect formation systems prevent real-time analysis, and previous in situ methods are limited to bulk substrates or require further processing to improve the emitter properties. Here we demonstrate the direct laser writing of cavity-integrated spin defects using a nanosecond pulsed above-bandgap laser. Photonic crystal cavities in 4H-silicon carbide serve as a nanoscope monitoring silicon-monovacancy defect formation within the approximately 200 nm3 cavity-mode volume. We observe spin resonance, cavity-integrated photoluminescence and excited-state lifetimes consistent with conventional defect formation methods, without the need for post-irradiation thermal annealing. We further find an exponential reduction in excited-state lifetime at fluences approaching the cavity amorphization threshold and show the single-shot annealing of intrinsic background defects at silicon-monovacancy formation sites. This real-time in situ method of localized defect formation, paired with cavity-integrated defect spins, is necessary towards engineering cavity–emitter coupling for quantum networking. %B Nature Materials %P 1-7 %G eng %U https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-023-01544-x %0 Journal Article %J Nature Electronics %D 2023 %T Spin-Acoustic Control of Silicon Vacancies in 4H Silicon Carbide %A Jonathan R. Dietz %A Boyang Jiang %A Aaron M. Day %A Sunil A. Bhave %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X Bulk acoustic resonators can be fabricated on the same substrate as other components and can operate at various frequencies with high quality factors. Mechanical dynamic metrology of these devices is challenging as the surface information available through laser Doppler vibrometry lacks information about the acoustic energy stored in the bulk of the resonator. Here we report the spin-acoustic control of naturally occurring negatively charged silicon monovacancies in a lateral overtone bulk acoustic resonator that is based on 4H silicon carbide. We show that acoustic driving can be used at room temperature to induce coherent population oscillations. Spin-acoustic resonance is shown to be useful as a frequency-tunable probe of bulk acoustic wave resonances, highlighting the dynamical strain distribution inside a bulk acoustic wave resonator at ambient operating conditions. Our approach could be applied to the characterization of other high-quality-factor microelectromechanical systems and has the potential to be used in mechanically addressable quantum memory. %B Nature Electronics %P 1-7 %G eng %U https://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-023-01029-4 %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2022 %T Optical and strain stabilization of point defects in silicon carbide %A Jonathan R. Dietz %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X

The photoluminescence and spin properties of ensembles of color centers in silicon carbide are enhanced by fabricating optically isolated slab waveguide structures and carefully controlling annealing and cooling conditions. We find that the photoluminescence signal of an ensemble of implanted defects is enhanced in slab waveguides by an order of magnitude over identically implanted bulk defects. The slab waveguide-enhanced photoluminescence of several defect species is used to study recombination and diffusion in the presence of thermal annealing with both rapid quench cooling and a longer return to ambient conditions. The confined mechanical geometry of a thin film is exploited to measure the spin-strain coupling of the negatively charged silicon monovacancy. The methods in this work can be used to exer- cise greater control on near-surface emitters in silicon carbide and better understand and control the effects of strain on spin measurements of silicon carbide based color centers.

%B Applied Physics Letters %V 120 %P 184001 %G eng %U https://aip.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1063/5.0087805 %N 18 %0 Journal Article %J Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %D 2021 %T Enhanced cavity coupling to silicon vacancies in 4H silicon carbide using laser irradiation and thermal annealing %A Mena N. Gadalla %A Greenspon, Andrew S. %A Defo, Rodrick Kuate %A Zhang, Xingyu %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X The negatively charged silicon monovacancy VSi in 4H silicon carbide (SiC) is a spin-active point defect that has the potential to act as a qubit in solid-state quantum information applications. Photonic crystal cavities (PCCs) can augment the optical emission of the VSi, yet fine-tuning the defect–cavity interaction remains challenging. We report on two postfabrication processes that result in enhancement of the V1' optical emission from our PCCs, an indication of improved coupling between the cavity and ensemble of silicon vacancies. Below-bandgap irradiation at 785-nm and 532-nm wavelengths carried out at times ranging from a few minutes to several hours results in stable enhancement of emission, believed to result from changing the relative ratio of VSi0 (“dark state”) to VSi (“bright state”). The much faster change effected by 532-nm irradiation may result from cooperative charge-state conversion due to proximal defects. Thermal annealing at 100 °C, carried out over 20 min, also results in emission enhancements and may be explained by the relatively low-activation energy diffusion of carbon interstitials CiCi, subsequently recombining with other defects to create additional VSis. These PCC-enabled experiments reveal insights into defect modifications and interactions within a controlled, designated volume and indicate pathways to improved defect–cavity interactions. %B Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %V 118 %G eng %U https://www.pnas.org/content/118/12/e2021768118 %N 12 %0 Journal Article %J PRX Quantum %D 2021 %T Development of Quantum Interconnects (QuICs) for Next-Generation Information Technologies %A Hu, E. L. %A Awschalom, D %A et al %X Just as “classical” information technology rests on a foundation built of interconnected information-processing systems, quantum information technology (QIT) must do the same. A critical component of such systems is the “interconnect,” a device or process that allows transfer of information between disparate physical media, for example, semiconductor electronics, individual atoms, light pulses in optical fiber, or microwave fields. While interconnects have been well engineered for decades in the realm of classical information technology, quantum interconnects (QuICs) present special challenges, as they must allow the transfer of fragile quantum states between different physical parts or degrees of freedom of the system. The diversity of QIT platforms (superconducting, atomic, solid-state color center, optical, etc.) that will form a “quantum internet” poses additional challenges. As quantum systems scale to larger size, the quantum interconnect bottleneck is imminent, and is emerging as a grand challenge for QIT. For these reasons, it is the position of the community represented by participants of the NSF workshop on “Quantum Interconnects” that accelerating QuIC research is crucial for sustained development of a national quantum science and technology program. Given the diversity of QIT platforms, materials used, applications, and infrastructure required, a convergent research program including partnership between academia, industry, and national laboratories is required. %B PRX Quantum %V 2 %G eng %U https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.017002 %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Nanophotonics %D 2020 %T Ultralow Threshold Blue Quantum Dot Lasers: what’s the true recipe for success? %A Raun, A %A Hu, E. L. %X The family of III-nitride materials has provided a platform for tremendous advances in efficient solid-state lighting sources such as light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. In particular, quantum dot (QD) lasers using the InGaN/GaN material system promise numerous benefits to enhance photonic performance in the blue wavelength regime. Nevertheless, issues of strained growth and difficulties in producing InGaN QDs with uniform composition and size pose daunting challenges in achieving an efficient blue laser. Through a review of two previous studies on InGaN/GaN QD microdisk lasers, we seek to provide a different perspective and approach in better understanding the potential of QD emitters. The lasers studied in this paper contain gain material where QDs are sparsely distributed, comprise a wide distribution of sizes, and are intermixed with “fragmented” quantum well (fQW) material. Despite these circumstances, the use of microdisk cavities, where a few distinct, high-quality modes overlap the gain region, not only produces ultralow lasing thresholds (∼6.2 μJ/cm2) but also allows us to analyze the dynamic competition between QDs and fQWs in determining the final lasing wavelength. These insights can facilitate “modal” optimization of QD lasing and ultimately help to broaden the use of III-nitride QDs in devices. %B Nanophotonics %V 10 %G eng %U https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0382 %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Physical Review Applied %D 2020 %T “Microwave-assisted spectroscopy technique for studying charge state in nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond” %A DPL Aude Craik %A P. Kehayias %A Greenspon, Andrew S. %A Zhang, Xinghu %A J. M. Schloss %A E. Bauch %A Hart, CA %A Hu, E. L. %A R. L. Walsworth %X We introduce a microwave-assisted spectroscopy technique to determine the relative ratio of fluorescence emitted by nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers in diamond that are negatively charged (N−V−) and neutrally charged (N−V0) and present its application to studying spin-dependent ionization in N-V ensembles and enhancing N-V-magnetometer sensitivity. Our technique is based on selectively modulating the N−V− fluorescence with a spin-state-resonant microwave drive to isolate, in situ, the spectral shape of the N−V− and N−V0 contributions to an N-V-ensemble sample’s fluorescence. As well as serving as a reliable means to characterize the charge state, the method can be used as a tool to study spin-dependent ionization in N-V ensembles. As an example, we apply the microwave technique to a high-N-V-density diamond sample and find evidence for an additional spin-dependent ionization pathway, which we present here alongside a rate-equation model of the data. We further show that our method can be used to enhance the contrast of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) on N-V ensembles and may lead to significant sensitivity gains in N-V magnetometers dominated by technical noise sources, especially where the N−V0 population is large. With the high-N-V-density diamond sample investigated here, we demonstrate an up to 4.8-fold enhancement in the ODMR contrast. We also propose a second postprocessing method of increasing the ODMR contrast in shot-noise-limited applications. The techniques presented here may also be applied to other solid-state defects, as long as their fluorescence can be selectively modulated by means of a microwave drive. We demonstrate this utility by applying our method to isolate room-temperature spectral signatures of the V2-type silicon vacancy from an ensemble of V1 and V2 silicon vacancies in 4H silicon carbide. %B Physical Review Applied %V 14 %P 1-17 %G eng %U https://journals.aps.org/prapplied/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.014009 %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Physical Review Applied %D 2020 %T Magnetic Field Fingerprinting of Integrated-Circuit Activity with a Quantum Diamond Microscope %A Turner, M. %A N. Langelier %A R. Bainbridge %A D. Walters %A S. Meesala %A T. Babinec %A P. Kehauas %A Yacoby, A. %A Hu, E. %A M. Loncar %A R. Wordsworth %A E. Levine %B Physical Review Applied %V 14 %G eng %U 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.014097 %N 014097 %0 Journal Article %J NanoLetters %D 2020 %T Purcell enhancement of a single silicon carbide color center with coherent spin control %A Alexander L. Crook %A Christopher P. Anderson %A Kevin C. Miao %A Alexandre Bourassa %A Hope Lee %A Sam L. Bayliss %A Bracher, David O. %A Zhang, Xingyu %A Hiroshi Abe %A Takeshi Ohshima %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A David D. Awschalom %X Silicon carbide has recently been developed as a platform for optically addressable spin defects. In particular, the neutral divacancy in the 4H polytype displays an optically addressable spin-1 ground state and near-infrared optical emission. Here, we present the Purcell enhancement of a single neutral divacancy coupled to a photonic crystal cavity. We utilize a combination of nanolithographic techniques and a dopant-selective photoelectrochemical etch to produce suspended cavities with quality factors exceeding 5000. Subsequent coupling to a single divacancy leads to a Purcell factor of ∼50, which manifests as increased photoluminescence into the zero-phonon line and a shortened excited-state lifetime. Additionally, we measure coherent control of the divacancy ground-state spin inside the cavity nanostructure and demonstrate extended coherence through dynamical decoupling. This spin-cavity system represents an advance toward scalable long-distance entanglement protocols using silicon carbide that require the interference of indistinguishable photons from spatially separated single qubits. %B NanoLetters %V 20 %P 3427-3434 %G eng %U https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00339 %N 5 %0 Journal Article %J Optics Express %D 2020 %T Imaging of surface plasmon polaritons and spoof plasmons in low-loss highly metallic titanium nitride thin films in visible and infrared regimes %A Mena Gadalla %A Kundan, Chaudhary %A Capasso, Federico %A Hu, Evelyn %X Titanium nitride (TiN) has been identified as a promising refractory material for high temperature plasmonic applications such as surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) waveguides, lasers and light sources, and near field optics. Such SPPs are sensitive not only to the highly metallic nature of the TiN, but also to its low loss. We have formed highly metallic, low-loss TiN thin films on MgO substrates to create SPPs with resonances between 775-825 nm. Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) allowed imaging of the SPP fringes, the accurate determination of the effective wavelength of the SPP modes, and propagation lengths greater than 10 microns. Further, we show the engineering of the band structure of the plasmonic modes in TiN in the mid-IR regime and experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, the ability of TiN to support Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons in the mid-IR (6 microns wavelength). %B Optics Express %V 28 %P 14536-14546 %G eng %U https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-28-10-14536 %N 10 %0 Journal Article %J Physical Review Applied %D 2019 %T Phononic Band Structure Engineering for High-Q Gigahertz Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators on Lithium Niobate %X Phonons at gigahertz frequencies interact with electrons, photons, and atomic systems in solids, and therefore, have extensive applications in signal processing, sensing, and quantum technologies. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators that confine surface phonons can play a crucial role in such integrated phononic systems due to small mode size, low dissipation, and efficient electrical transduction. To date, it has been challenging to achieve a high quality (Q) factor and small phonon mode size for SAW resonators at gigahertz frequencies. We present a methodology to design compact high-Q SAW resonators on lithium niobate operating at gigahertz frequencies. We experimentally verify designs and demonstrate Q factors in excess of 2×104 at room temperature (6×104 at 4 Kelvin) and mode size as low as 1.87 λ2. This is achieved by phononic band structure engineering, which provides high confinement with low mechanical loss. The frequency Q products (fQ) of our SAW resonators are greater than 1013. These high-fQ and small mode size SAW resonators could enable applications in quantum phononics and integrated hybrid systems with phonons, photons, and solid-state qubits. %B Physical Review Applied %V 2 %G eng %U https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.12.014022 %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J ACS Applied Nanomaterials %D 2019 %T Excitation of Strong Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances in Highly Metallic Titanium Nitride Nano-Antennas for Stable Performance at Elevated Temperatures %A Mena N. Gadalla %A Greenspon, Andrew S. %A Tamagnone, Michele %A Capasso, Federico %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X New opportunities for plasmonic applications at high temperatures have stimulated interest in refractory plasmonic materials that show greater stability at elevated temperatures than the more commonly used silver and gold (Au). Titanium nitride (TiN) has been identified as a promising refractory material, with deposition of TiN thin films through techniques ranging from plasma-enhanced atomic laser deposition to sputter deposition to pulsed laser deposition, on a variety of substrates, including MgO, polymer, SiO2, and sapphire. A variety of plasmonic devices have been evaluated, including gratings, nanorods, and nanodisks. An implicit metric for TiN behavior has been the comparison of its plasmonic performance to that of Au, in particular at various elevated temperatures. This paper carries out a one-to-one comparison of bowtie nanoantennas formed of TiN and Au (on both Si and MgO substrates), examining the far-field characteristics, related to the measured near-field resonances. In both cases, the optical constants of the TiN films were used to simulate the expected plasmonic responses and enjoyed excellent agreement with the experimental measurements. Furthermore, we examined the consistency of the plasmonic response and the morphological changes in the TiN and Au nanoantennas at different temperatures up to 800 °C in the atmosphere. This comparison of the measured plasmonic response from nanoscale resonances to the far-field response allows for anomalies or imperfections that may be introduced by the nanofabrication processes and provides a more accurate comparison of TiN plasmonic behavior relative to the Au standard. %B ACS Applied Nanomaterials %G eng %U https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsanm.9b00370 %0 Journal Article %J Physical Review B %D 2018 %T Signatures of single-photon interaction between two quantum dots in different cavities of a weakly coupled double microdisk structur %A S. Seyfferle %A F. Hargart %A M. Jetter %A Hu, E. %A P. Michler %B Physical Review B %V 97 %G eng %U https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.035302 %0 Journal Article %J Physical Review B %D 2018 %T Energetics and kinetics of vacancy defects in 4H-SiC %A Defo, Rodrick Kuate %A Zhang, Xingyu %A Bracher, David %A Gunn Kim %A Hu, Evelyn %A Efthimios Kaxiras %X Defect engineering in wide-gap semiconductors is important in controlling the performance of single-photon emitter devices. The effective incorporation of defects depends strongly on the ability to control their formation and location, as well as to mitigate attendant damage to the material. In this study, we combine density functional theory, molecular dyamics (MD), and kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations to study the energetics and kinetics of the silicon monovacancy VSi and related defects in 4H-SiC. We obtain the defect formation energy for VSi in various charge states and use MD simulations to model the ion implantation process for creating defects. We also study the effects of high-temperature annealing on defect position and stability using KMC and analytical models. Using a larger (480-atom) supercell than previous studies, we obtain the temperature-dependent diffusivity of VSi in various charge states and find significantly lower barriers to diffusion than previous estimates. In addition, we examine the recombination with interstitial Si and conversion of VSi into CSiVC during annealing and propose methods for using strain to reduce changes in defect concentrations. Our results provide guidance for experimental efforts to control the position and density of VSi defects within devices, helping to realize their potential as solid-state qubits. %B Physical Review B %V 98 %P 104103 %G eng %N 10 %0 Journal Article %J Optics Letters %D 2018 %T Ultra-low-threshold InGaN/GaN quantum dot micro-ring lasers %A Wang, Danqing %A Tongtong Zhu %A Rachel A. Oliver %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B Optics Letters %V 43 %P 799-802 %G eng %U https://www.osapublishing.org/ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-43-4-799 %N 4 %0 Journal Article %J Nanotechnology %D 2018 %T Robust lanthanide emitters in polyelectrolyte thin films for photonic applications %A Greenspon, Andrew S. %A Brandt L Marceaux %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X Trivalent lanthanides provide stable emission sources at wavelengths spanning the ultraviolet through the near infrared with uses in telecommunications, lighting, and biological sensing and imaging. We describe a method for incorporating an organometallic lanthanide complex within polyelectrolyte multilayers, producing uniform, optically active thin films on a variety of substrates. These films demonstrate excellent emission with narrow linewidths, stable over a period of months, even when bound to metal substrates. Utilizing different lanthanides such as europium and terbium, we are able to easily tune the resulting wavelength of emission of the thin film. These results demonstrate the suitability of this platform as a thin film emitter source for a variety of photonic applications such as waveguides, optical cavities, and sensors. %B Nanotechnology %V 29 %P 075302 %G eng %U http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6528/aaa325 %N 7 %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2017 %T 1.55 mm room-temperature lasing from subwavelength quantum-dot microdisks directly grown on (001) Si %A B. Shi %A S. Zhu %A Li, Q. %A Wan, Y. %A Hu, E. %A Lau, K. %B Applied Physics Letters %V 110 %G eng %U https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.4979120 %N 12 %0 Journal Article %J Optics Letters %D 2017 %T 1.55 mm band low-threshold continuous-wave lasing from InAs/InAlGaAs quantum dot microdisks %A B. Shi %A S. Zhu %A Li, Q. %A Wan, Y. %A Hu, E. %A Lau, K. %B Optics Letters %V 42 %P 679-682 %G eng %U https://www.osapublishing.org/ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-42-4-679 %N 4 %0 Journal Article %J ACS Photonics %D 2017 %T Continuous-Wave optically pumped 1.55 mm InAs/InAlGaAs quantum dot microdisk lasers epitaxially grown on silicon %A B. Shi %A S. Zhu %A Li, Q. %A Wan, Y. %A Hu, E. %A Lau, K. %B ACS Photonics %V 4 %P 204-210 %G eng %U DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.6b00731 %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %D 2017 %T Selective Purcell enhancement of two closely linked zero-phonon transitions of a silicon carbide color center %A Bracher, David O. %A Zhang, Xingyu %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X Point defects in silicon carbide are rapidly becoming a platform of great interest for single-photon generation, quantum sensing, and quantum information science. Photonic crystal cavities (PCCs) can serve as an efficient light–matter interface both to augment the defect emission and to aid in studying the defects’ properties. In this work, we fabricate 1D nanobeam PCCs in 4H-silicon carbide with embedded silicon vacancy centers. These cavities are used to achieve Purcell enhancement of two closely spaced defect zero-phonon lines (ZPL). Enhancements of >80-fold are measured using multiple techniques. Additionally, the nature of the cavity coupling to the different ZPLs is examined. %B Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %V 114 %P 4060-4065 %G eng %U http://www.pnas.org/content/114/16/4060.short %N 16 %0 Journal Article %J Optics Express %D 2016 %T 1.3 mm InAs quantum-dot micro-disk lasers on V-groove patterned and unpatterned (001) silicon %A Li, Q. %A Wan, Y. %A A. Liu %A A. Gossard %A J. Bowers %A Hu, E. %A Lau, K. %B Optics Express %V 24 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.021038 %N 18 %0 Journal Article %J NanoLetters %D 2016 %T Nonlinear refractory plasmonics with Titanium Nitride Nanoantennas %A L. Gui %A S. Bagheri %A N. Strohfeldt %A M. Hentschel %A C. Zgrabik %A B. Metzger %A H. Linnenbank %A Hu, E. %A H. Giessen %B NanoLetters %V 16 %P 5708-13 %G eng %U https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02376 %N 9 %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2016 %T Temperature characteristics of epitaxially grown InAs quantum dot micro-disk lasers on silicon for on-chip light sources %A Wan, Y. %A Li, Q. %A A. Gossard %A J. Bowers %A Hu, E. %A Lau, K. %B Applied Physics Letters %V 109 %G eng %U https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4955456 %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2016 %T Sub-wavelength InAs quantum dot micro-disk lasers epitaxially grown on exact Si (001) substrates %A Wan, Y. %A Li, Q. %A A. Liu %A A. Gossard %A J. Bowers %A Hu, E. %A Lau, K. %B Applied Physics Letters %V 109 %G eng %U https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4952600 %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Optics Letters %D 2016 %T Optically pumped 1.3 um room-temperature InAs quantum-dot micro-disk lasers directly grown on (001) silicon %A Wan, Y. %A Li, Q. %A A. Liu %A A. Gossard %A J. Bowers %A Hu, E. %A Lau, K. %B Optics Letters %V 4 %P 1664-7 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.41.001664 %N 7 %0 Conference Paper %B Advances in Photonics of Quantum Computing, Memory, and Communication %D 2016 %T Fabrication of high-quality nanobeam photonic crystal cavities in 4H silicon carbide with embedded color center %A DO Bracher %A Hu, E. L. %B Advances in Photonics of Quantum Computing, Memory, and Communication %I SPIE %V 9762 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Nano Letters %D 2016 %T Nonlinear Refractory Plasmonics with Titanium Nitride Nanoantennas %A Gui, Lili %A Bagheri, Shahin %A Strohfeldt, Nikolai %A Hentschel, Mario %A Christine M. Zgrabik %A Metzger, Bernd %A Linnenbank, Heiko %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Giessen, Harald %B Nano Letters %V 16 %P 5708-5713 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02376 %N 9 %R 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02376 %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2016 %T Templated growth of diamond optical resonators via plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition %A Zhang, X. %A Hu, E. L. %B Applied Physics Letters %V 109 %G eng %U http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/apl/109/8/10.1063/1.4961536 %N 8 %R http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4961536 %0 Journal Article %J Optical Materials Express %D 2015 %T Large-area fabrication of TiN nanoantenna arrays for refractory plasmonics in the mid-infrared by femtosecond direct laser writing and interference lithography %A S. Bagheri %A C. Zgrabik %A T. Gissibl %A A. Tittl %A F. Sterl %A R. Walter %A A. Berrier %A S. De Zuani %A T. Stauden %A G. Richter %A Hu, E. %A H. Giessen %B Optical Materials Express %V 5 %P 2625-33 %G eng %N 11 %0 Journal Article %J Appl. Phys. Lett. %D 2015 %T Ultra-low threshold gallium nitride photonic crystal nanobeam laser %A Niu, Nan %A Woolf, Alexander %A Wang, Danqing %A Tongtong Zhu %A Quan, Qimin %A Rachel A. Oliver %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B Appl. Phys. Lett. %V 106 %G eng %U https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.4922211 %N 23 %0 Journal Article %J Opt. Mater. Express %D 2015 %T Optimization of sputtered titanium nitride as a tunable metal for plasmonic applications %A Christine M. Zgrabik %A Hu, Evelyn L. %K Deposition and fabrication %K Ellipsometry and polarimetry %K optical properties %K plasmonics %K Surface photoemission and photoelectron spectroscopy %K Thin films %X Alternative materials for plasmonic devices have garnered much recent interest. A promising candidate material is titanium nitride. Although there is a substantial body of work on the formation of this material, its use for plasmonic applications requires a more systematic and detailed optical analysis than has previously been carried out. This paper describes an initial optimization of sputtered TiN thin films for plasmonic performance from visible into near-IR wavelengths. The metallic behavior of TiN films exhibits a sensitive dependence on the substrate and deposition details. We explored reactive and non-reactive sputter deposition of TiN onto various substrates at both room temperature and 600&\#x00B0;C. Metallic character was compared for films grown under different conditions via spectroscopic ellipsometry and correlated with compositional and structural measurements via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). %B Opt. Mater. Express %I OSA %V 5 %P 2786–2797 %8 Dec %G eng %U http://www.osapublishing.org/ome/abstract.cfm?URI=ome-5-12-2786 %N 12 %R 10.1364/OME.5.002786 %0 Journal Article %J Nano Letters %D 2015 %T Fabrication of High-Q Nanobeam Photonic Crystals in Epitaxially Grown 4H-SiC %A Bracher, David O. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B Nano Letters %V 15 %P 6202-6207 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02542 %N 9 %R 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02542 %0 Journal Article %J Nano Letters %D 2015 %T Reduced Plasma-Induced Damage to Near-Surface Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond %A Cui, Shanying %A Greenspon, Andrew S. %A Ohno, Kenichi %A Myers, Bryan A. %A Jayich, Ania C. Bleszynski %A Awschalom, David D. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B Nano Letters %V 15 %P 2887-2891 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00457 %R 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00457 %0 Journal Article %J ACS Photonics %D 2015 %T Hybrid Plasmonic Photonic Crystal Cavity for Enhancing Emission from near-Surface Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond %A Cui, Shanying %A Zhang, Xingyu %A Liu, Tsung-Li %A Lee, Jonathan %A Bracher, David %A Ohno, Kenichi %A Awschalom, David %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B ACS Photonics %V 2 %P 465-469 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ph500469e %R 10.1021/ph500469e %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2014 %T Deterministic coupling of delta-doped nitrogen vacancy centers to a nanobeam photonic crystal cavity %A Lee, Jonathan C. %A Bracher, David O. %A Cui, Shanying %A Ohno, Kenichi %A McLellan, Claire A. %A Zhang, Xingyu %A Andrich, Paolo %A Alemán, Benjamin %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Bleszynski Jayich, Ania %A Awschalom, David %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X

The negatively charged nitrogen vacancy center (NV) in diamond has generated significant interest as a platform for quantum information processing and sensing in the solid state. For most applications, high quality optical cavities are required to enhance the NV zero-phonon line (ZPL) emission. An outstanding challenge in maximizing the degree of NV-cavity coupling is the deterministic placement of NVs within the cavity. Here, we report photonic crystal nanobeamcavities coupled to NVs incorporated by a delta-doping technique that allows nanometer-scale vertical positioning of the emitters. We demonstrate cavities with Q up to ∼24 000 and mode volume V ∼ 0.47(λ/n)3 as well as resonant enhancement of the ZPL of an NV ensemble with Purcell factor of ∼20. Our fabrication technique provides a first step towards deterministic NV-cavity coupling using spatial control of the emitters.

%B Applied Physics Letters %V 105 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4904909 %N 26 %0 Journal Article %J Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %D 2014 %T

Distinctive signature of indium gallium nitride quantum dot lasing in microdisk cavities

%A Woolf, Alexander %A Puchtler, Tim %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Tongtong Zhu %A Niu, Nan %A Wang, Danqing %A Oliver, Rachel %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %G eng %U http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2014/08/27/1415464111.abstract %0 Journal Article %J Small %D 2014 %T

Silicon-Vacancy Color Centers in Nanodiamonds: Cathodoluminescence Imaging Markers in the Near Infrared

%A Huiliang Zhang %A Aharonovich, Igor %A David R. Glenn %A Richard Schalek %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Lichtman, Jeff W %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Walsworth, Ronald L. %X Nanodiamonds doped with silicon-vacancy (Si-V) color centers are shown to be a promising candidate for cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging at the nanoscale, providing bright, non-bleaching, narrow-linewidth emission at wavelengths within the near-IR window of biological tissue. CL emission intensity from negative charge-state Si-V centers is greatly enhanced by increasing the nitrogen concentration during nanodiamond growth. %B Small %V DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303582 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of The Royal Society Interface %D 2014 %T

The structure–function relationships of a natural nanoscale photonic device in cuttlefish chromatophores

%A Leila F. Deravi %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Sean P. Sheehy %A George R.R. Bell %A Lydia M. Mathger %A Stephen L. Senft %A Trevor J. Wardill %A William S. Lane %A Alan M. Kuzirian %A Roger T. Hanlon %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Kevin Kit Parker %X Cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis, possess neurally controlled, pigmented chromatophore organs that allow rapid changes in skin patterning and coloration in response to visual cues. This process of adaptive coloration is enabled by the 500% change in chromatophore surface area during actuation. We report two adaptations that help to explain how colour intensity is maintained in a fully expanded chromatophore when the pigment granules are distributed maximally: (i) pigment layers as thin as three granules that maintain optical effectiveness and (ii) the presence of high-refractive-index proteins—reflectin and crystallin—in granules. The latter discovery, combined with our finding that isolated chromatophore pigment granules fluoresce between 650 and 720 nm, refutes the prevailing hypothesis that cephalopod chromatophores are exclusively pigmentary organs composed solely of ommochromes. Perturbations to granular architecture alter optical properties, illustrating a role for nanostructure in the agile, optical responses of chromatophores. Our results suggest that cephalopod chromatophore pigment granules are more complex than homogeneous clusters of chromogenic pigments. They are luminescent protein nanostructures that facilitate the rapid and sophisticated changes exhibited in dermal pigmentation. %B Journal of The Royal Society Interface %V 11 %G eng %N 93 %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters Materials %D 2014 %T

Constrained, aqueous growth of three-dimensional single crystalline zinc oxide structures

%A Kathryn J. Pooley %A Joo, John H. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X We study low temperature (90 °C) aqueous growth of single crystal zinc oxide structures through patterned PMMA molds of different sizes, shapes, and orientations. We demonstrate the ability to create 3D shapes with smooth vertical sidewalls. Although the unconstrained growth is influenced by the hexagonal geometry of the underlying crystal structure, the ZnO is shown to conform exactly to any shape patterned. Using electron backscatter diffraction and scanning electron microscopy we show that the mold orientation, in conjunction with control of the growth rates of the c and m planes of the ZnO, is crucial in determining the final structure shape. %B Applied Physics Letters Materials %V 2 %P 012111 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4863075 %0 Journal Article %J Nature Communications %D 2014 %T

Synthesis of luminescent europium defects in diamond

%A Magyar, Andrew %A Hu, Wenhao %A Shanley, Toby %A Flatte, Michael E. %A Hu, Evelyn %A Aharonovich, Igor %X Lanthanides are vital components in lighting, imaging technologies and future quantum memory applications owing to their narrow optical transitions and long spin coherence times. Recently, diamond has become a pre-eminent platform for the realisation of many experiments in quantum information science. Here we demonstrate a promising approach to incorporate Eu ions into diamond, providing a means to harness the exceptional characteristics of both lanthanides and diamond in a single material. Polyelectrolytes are used to electrostatically assemble Eu(III) chelate molecules on diamond and subsequently chemical vapour deposition is employed for the diamond growth. Fluorescence measurements show that the Eu atoms retain the characteristic optical signature of Eu(III) upon incorporation into the diamond lattice. Computational modelling supports the experimental findings, corroborating that Eu(III) in diamond is a stable configuration. The formed defects demonstrate the outstanding chemical control over the incorporation of impurities into diamond enabled by the electrostatic assembly together with chemical vapour deposition growth. %B Nature Communications %V 5 %P 3523 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2014 %T

High quality SiC microdisk resonators fabricated from monolithic epilayer wafers

%A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Bracher, David %A Lee, Jonathan C. %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X The exquisite mechanical properties of SiC have made it an important industrial material with applications in microelectromechanical devices and high power electronics. Recently, the optical properties of SiC have garnered attention for applications in photonics, quantum information, and spintronics. This work demonstrates the fabrication of microdisks formed from a p-N SiC epilayer material. The microdisk cavities fabricated from the SiC epilayer material exhibit quality factors of as high as 9200 and the approach is easily adaptable to the fabrication of SiC-based photonic crystals and other photonic and optomechanical devices. %B Applied Physics Letters %V 104 %P 051109 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Optics Express %D 2014 %T

Two-dimensional hybrid photonic/plasmonic crystal cavities

%A Liu, Tsung-Li %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Cui, Shanying %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X We present a 2-D plasmonic crystal design with visible band-gap by combining a 2-D photonic crystal with TM band-gap and a silver surface. Simulations show that the presence of the silver surface gives rise to an expanded band-gap. A plasmonic crystal defect cavity with Q ~300 and mode volume ~1.9x10−2 (λ/n) 3 can be formed using our design. The total Q of such a cavity is determined by both the radiative loss of the dielectric component, as well as absorption loss to the metal. We provide design criteria for the optimization of the total Q to allow high radiative or extraction efficiency. %B Optics Express %V 22 %P 8219-8225 %G eng %N 7 %0 Journal Article %J Optics Express %D 2013 %T

Controlled mode tuning in 1-D 'RIM' plasmonic crystal trench cavities probed with coupled optical emitters

%A Liu, Tsung-Li %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Cui, Shanying %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B Optics Express %V 21 %P 30074-80081 %G eng %N 24 %0 Journal Article %J Applied Physics Letters %D 2013 %T

Increased negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in fluorinated diamond

%A Cui, Shanying %A Hu, Evelyn %X We present a design of plasmonic cavities that consists of two sets of 1-D plasmonic crystal reflectors on a plasmonic trench waveguide. A 'reverse image mold' (RIM) technique was developed to pattern high-resolution silver trenches and to embed emitters at the cavity field maximum, and FDTD simulations were performed to analyze the frequency response of the fabricated devices. Distinct cavity modes were observed from the photoluminescence spectra of the organic dye embedded within these cavities. The cavity geometry facilitates tuning of the modes through a change in cavity dimensions. Both the design and the fabrication technique presented could be extended to making trench waveguide-based plasmonic devices and circuits. %B Applied Physics Letters %V 103 %P 051603-051607 %G eng %N 5 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2013 %T Low threshold, room-temperature microdisk lasers in the blue spectral range %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Woolf, Alexander %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Tongtong Zhu %A Niu, Nan %A Kappers, Menno J. %A Oliver, Rachel A. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 103 %G eng %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J Nano Letters %D 2013 %T Photoluminescent {SiC} Tetrapods %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Baram, Mor %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X Recently, significant research efforts have been made to develop complex nanostructures to provide more sophisticated control over the optical and electronic properties of nanomaterials. However, there are only a handful of semiconductors that allow control over their geometry via simple chemical processes. Herein, we present a molecularly seeded synthesis of a complex nanostructure, {SiC} tetrapods, and report on their structural and optical properties. The {SiC} tetrapods exhibit narrow line width photoluminescence at wavelengths spanning the visible to near-infrared spectral range. Synthesized from low-toxicity, earth abundant elements, these tetrapods are a compelling replacement for technologically important quantum optical materials that frequently require toxic metals such as Cd and Se. This previously unknown geometry of {SiC} nanostructures is a compelling platform for biolabeling, sensing, spintronics, and optoelectronics. %B Nano Letters %V 13 %P 1210–1215 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl304665y %R 10.1021/nl304665y %0 Journal Article %J Diamond and Related Materials %D 2013 %T Fabrication of thin diamond membranes for photonic applications %A Lee, Jonathan C. %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Bracher, David O. %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B Diamond and Related Materials %V 33 %P 45-48 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Crystal Growth & Design %D 2013 %T Aqueous Epitaxial Growth of {ZnO} on Single Crystalline Au Microplates %A Joo, John H. %A Greenberg, Kathryn J. %A Baram, Mor %A Clarke, David R. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %X Epitaxial {ZnO} thin films were grown on single crystalline Au microplates from an aqueous solution at 90 {°C.} The composite structures were approximately 100 ?m wide. The epitaxial {ZnO} films were smooth, continuous, and several micrometers thick. We examined the epitaxial relationship between the {ZnO} and Au through scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and electron diffraction and demonstrated control over the resulting film morphology through the kinetics of growth. An epitaxial relationship of {ZnO[11?00](0002)?Au[21?1?](111)} was dominant in the structures. %B Crystal Growth & Design %V 13 %P 986–991 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cg301582a %R 10.1021/cg301582a %0 Journal Article %J OPTICS EXPRESS %D 2012 %T Coupling of silicon-vacancy centers to a single crystal diamond cavity %A Lee, Jonathan C. %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Rol, Fabian %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B OPTICS EXPRESS %V 20 %P 8891-8897 %8 APR 9 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2012 %T A full free spectral range tuning of p-i-n doped gallium nitride microdisk cavity %A Niu, Nan %A Liu, Tsung-Li %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Woolf, Alexander %A Sadler, Thomas C. %A El-Ella, Haitham A. R. %A Kappers, Menno J. %A Oliver, Rachel A. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 101 %8 OCT 15 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.4744947 %0 Journal Article %J PHYSICAL REVIEW B %D 2012 %T Measuring the mode volume of plasmonic nanocavities using coupled optical emitters %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Yeung, Kitty Y. M. %A Hu, Evelyn %B PHYSICAL REVIEW B %V 85 %8 JUN 26 %G eng %R 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.245445 %0 Journal Article %J NATURE PHOTONICS %D 2012 %T Ultrafast all-optical switching by single photons %A Thomas Volz %A Reinhard, Andreas %A Winger, Martin %A Badolato, Antonio %A Hennessy, Kevin J. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Imamoglu, Atac %B NATURE PHOTONICS %V 6 %P 605-609 %8 SEP %G eng %R 10.1038/NPHOTON.2012.181 %0 Journal Article %J MATERIALS LETTERS %D 2012 %T Viral-assisted assembly and photoelectric response of individual Au/CdSe core-shell nanowires %A Joo, John H. %A Hodelin, Juan F. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Haberer, Elaine D. %B MATERIALS LETTERS %V 89 %P 347-350 %8 DEC 15 %G eng %R 10.1016/j.matlet.2012.09.001 %0 Journal Article %J NATURE PHOTONICS %D 2012 %T Large spontaneous emission enhancement in plasmonic nanocavities %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Liu, Tsung-Li %A Cui, Shanying %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B NATURE PHOTONICS %V 6 %P 459-462 %8 JUL %G eng %R 10.1038/NPHOTON.2012.112 %0 Journal Article %J ADVANCED MATERIALS %D 2012 %T Homoepitaxial Growth of Single Crystal Diamond Membranes for Quantum Information Processing %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Lee, Jonathan C. %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Buckley, Bob B. %A Yale, Christopher G. %A Awschalom, David D. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B ADVANCED MATERIALS %V 24 %P OP54-OP59 %8 MAR 8 %G eng %R 10.1002/adma.201103932 %0 Journal Article %J NATURE PHOTONICS %D 2012 %T Strongly correlated photons on a chip %A Reinhard, Andreas %A Thomas Volz %A Winger, Martin %A Badolato, Antonio %A Hennessy, Kevin J. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Imamoglu, Atac %B NATURE PHOTONICS %V 6 %P 93-96 %8 FEB %G eng %R 10.1038/NPHOTON.2011.321 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH %D 2011 %T InGaN super-lattice growth for fabrication of quantum dot containing microdisks %A El-Ella, H. A. R. %A Rol, F. %A Collins, D. P. %A Kappers, M. J. %A Taylor, R. A. %A Hu, E. L. %A Oliver, R. A. %B JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH %V 321 %P 113-119 %8 APR 15 %G eng %R 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.02.012 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2011 %T Controlled tuning of whispering gallery modes of GaN/InGaN microdisk cavities %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Niu, Nan %A Rol, Fabian %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Woolf, Alexander %A El-Ella, Haitham A. R. %A Kappers, Menno J. %A Oliver, Rachel A. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 99 %8 SEP 12 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3640211 %0 Journal Article %J PHYSICAL REVIEW B %D 2011 %T Lasing properties of InP/(Ga0.51In0.49)P quantum dots in microdisk cavities %A Witzany, M. %A Rossbach, R. %A Schulz, W. -M. %A Jetter, M. %A Michler, P. %A Liu, T. -L. %A Hu, E. %A Wiersig, J. %A Jahnke, F. %B PHYSICAL REVIEW B %V 83 %8 MAY 10 %G eng %R 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.205305 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2011 %T Dislocation density-dependent quality factors in InGaN quantum dot containing microdisks %A El-Ella, H. A. R. %A Rol, F. %A Kappers, M. J. %A Russell, K. J. %A Hu, E. L. %A Oliver, R. A. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 98 %8 MAR 28 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3567545 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2011 %T Fabrication of thin, luminescent, single-crystal diamond membranes %A Magyar, Andrew P. %A Lee, Jonathan C. %A Limarga, Andi M. %A Aharonovich, Igor %A Rol, Fabian %A Clarke, David R. %A Huang, Mengbing %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 99 %8 AUG 22 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3628463 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2011 %T Directionality control through selective excitation of low-order guided modes in thin-film InGaN photonic crystal light-emitting diodes %A Rangel, Elizabeth %A Matioli, Elison %A Choi, Yong-Seok %A Weisbuch, Claude %A Speck, James S. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 98 %8 FEB 21 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3554417 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY %D 2010 %T Ambient pressure, low-temperature synthesis and characterization of colloidal InN nanocrystals %A Hsieh, Jennifer C. %A Yun, Dong Soo %A Hu, Evelyn %A Belcher, Angela M. %B JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY %V 20 %P 1435-1437 %G eng %R 10.1039/b922196d %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2010 %T Gap-mode plasmonic nanocavity %A Russell, Kasey J. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 97 %8 OCT 18 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3505154 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2010 %T Interplay of cavity thickness and metal absorption in thin-film InGaN photonic crystal light-emitting diodes %A Rangel, Elizabeth %A Matioli, Elison %A Chen, Hung-Tse %A Choi, Yong-Seok %A Weisbuch, Claude %A Speck, James S. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 97 %8 AUG 9 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3480421 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS %D 2010 %T Measurement of extraction and absorption parameters in GaN-based photonic-crystal light-emitting diodes %A Matioli, Elison %A Fleury, Blaise %A Rangel, Elizabeth %A Hu, Evelyn %A Speck, James %A Weisbuch, Claude %B JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS %V 107 %8 MAR 1 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3309837 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS %D 2010 %T High Extraction Efficiency GaN-Based Photonic-Crystal Light-Emitting Diodes: Comparison of Extraction Lengths between Surface and Embedded Photonic Crystals %A Matioli, Elison %A Fleury, Blaise %A Rangel, Elizabeth %A Melo, Thiago %A Hu, Evelyn %A Speck, James %A Weisbuch, Claude %B APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS %V 3 %G eng %R 10.1143/APEX.3.032103 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2010 %T High extraction efficiency light-emitting diodes based on embedded air-gap photonic-crystals %A Matioli, Elison %A Rangel, Elizabeth %A Iza, Micheal %A Fleury, Blaise %A Pfaff, Nathan %A Speck, James %A Hu, Evelyn %A Weisbuch, Claude %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 96 %8 JAN 18 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3293442 %0 Journal Article %J NANOTECHNOLOGY %D 2009 %T Enhanced photogenerated carrier collection in hybrid films of bio-templated gold nanowires and nanocrystalline CdSe %A Haberer, Elaine D. %A Joo, John H. %A Hodelin, Juan F. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B NANOTECHNOLOGY %V 20 %8 OCT 14 %G eng %R 10.1088/0957-4484/20/41/415206 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2009 %T Observation of whispering gallery modes in nonpolar m-plane GaN microdisks %A Tamboli, Adele C. %A Schmidt, Mathew C. %A Hirai, Asako %A DenBaars, Steven P. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 94 %8 JUN 22 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3160550 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY %D 2009 %T Photoelectrochemical Undercut Etching of m-Plane GaN for Microdisk Applications %A Tamboli, Adele C. %A Schmidt, Mathew C. %A Hirai, Asako %A DenBaars, Steven P. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY %V 156 %P H767-H771 %G eng %R 10.1149/1.3184156 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS %D 2009 %T Growth of embedded photonic crystals for GaN-based optoelectronic devices %A Matioli, Elison %A Keller, Stacia %A Wu, Feng %A Choi, Yong-Seok %A Hu, Evelyn %A Speck, James %A Weisbuch, Claude %B JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS %V 106 %8 JUL 15 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3174385 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2009 %T Photoelectrochemical etching of p-type GaN heterostructures %A Tamboli, Adele C. %A Hirai, Asako %A Nakamura, Shuji %A DenBaars, Steven P. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 94 %8 APR 13 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.3120545 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY %D 2009 %T Smooth Top-Down Photoelectrochemical Etching of m-Plane GaN %A Tamboli, Adele C. %A Schmidt, Mathew C. %A Rajan, Siddharth %A Speck, James S. %A Mishra, Umesh K. %A DenBaars, Steven P. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY %V 156 %P H47-H51 %G eng %R 10.1149/1.3005978 %0 Journal Article %J PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS %D 2009 %T Explanation of Photon Correlations in the Far-Off-Resonance Optical Emission from a Quantum-Dot-Cavity System %A Winger, Martin %A Thomas Volz %A Tarel, Guillaume %A Portolan, Stefano %A Badolato, Antonio %A Hennessy, Kevin J. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Beveratos, Alexios %A Finley, Jonathan %A Savona, Vincenzo %A Imamoglu, Atac %B PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS %V 103 %8 NOV 13 %G eng %R 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.207403 %0 Journal Article %J COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE %D 2008 %T Cavity QED effects with single quantum dots %A Badolato, Antonio %A Winger, Martin %A Hennessy, Kevin J. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Imamoglu, Atac %B COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE %V 9 %P 850-856 %8 OCT %G eng %R 10.1016/j.crhy.2008.10.015 %0 Journal Article %J SMALL %D 2008 %T Microtubule-based gold nanowires and nanowire arrays %A Zhou, Jing C. %A Gao, Yao %A Martinez-Molares, Alfredo A. %A Jing, Xiaoye %A Yan, Dong %A Lau, Joseph %A Hamasaki, Toshikazu %A Ozkan, Cengiz S. %A Ozkan, Mihrimah %A Hu, Evelyn %A Dunn, Bruce %B SMALL %V 4 %P 1507-1515 %8 SEP %G eng %R 10.1002/smll.200701187 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2008 %T GaN/InGaN light emitting diodes with embedded photonic crystal obtained by lateral epitaxial overgrowth %A David, Aurelien %A Brendan Moran %A McGroddy, Kelly %A Matioli, Elison %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A DenBaars, Steven P. %A Nakamura, Shuji %A Weisbuchb, Claude %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 92 %8 MAR 17 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2898513 %0 Journal Article %J PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS %D 2008 %T Quantum Dot Spectroscopy Using Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics %A Winger, Martin %A Badolato, Antonio %A Hennessy, Kevin J. %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Imamoglu, Atac %B PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS %V 101 %8 NOV 28 %G eng %R 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.226808 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2008 %T Directional emission control and increased light extraction in GaN photonic crystal light emitting diodes %A McGroddy, K. %A David, A. %A Matioli, E. %A Iza, M. %A Nakamura, S. %A DenBaars, S. %A Speck, J. S. %A Weisbuch, C. %A Hu, E. L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 93 %8 SEP 8 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2978068 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2007 %T Dispersive phase response in optical waveguide-resonator system %A Choi, Y.-S. %A Davanco, M. %A Lee, K. H. %A Wang, C. -F. %A Mack, J. %A Blumenthal, D. %A Hu, E. L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 90 %8 MAY 7 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2737913 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2007 %T 2.5 lambda microcavity InGaN light-emitting diodes fabricated by a selective dry-etch thinning process %A Choi, Yong-Seok %A Iza, Michael %A Matioli, Elison %A Koblmueller, Gregor %A Speck, James S. %A Weisbuch, Claude %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 91 %8 AUG 6 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2769397 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2007 %T Evolution of the onset of coherence in a family of photonic crystal nanolasers %A Choi, Y.-S. %A Rakher, M. T. %A Hennessy, K. %A Strauf, S. %A Badolato, A. %A Petroff, P. M. %A Bouwmeester, D. %A Hu, E. L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 91 %8 JUL 16 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2751131 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B %D 2007 %T Fabrication of suspended single crystal diamond devices by electrochemical etch %A Wang, C. F. %A Hu, E. L. %A Yang, J. %A Butler, J. E. %B JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B %V 25 %P 730-733 %8 MAY-JUN %G eng %R 10.1116/1.2731327 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2007 %T Gallium-nitride-based microcavity light-emitting diodes with air-gap distributed Bragg reflectors %A Sharma, Rajat %A Choi, Yong-Seok %A Wang, Chiou-Fu %A David, Aurelien %A Weisbuch, Claude %A Nakamura, Shuji %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 91 %8 NOV 19 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2805028 %0 Journal Article %J NANO LETTERS %D 2007 %T Synthesis, characterization, and optical properties of ordered arrays of III-nitride nanocrystals %A Bhaviripudi, Sreekar %A Qi, Jifa %A Hu, Evelyn L. %A Belcher, Angela M. %B NANO LETTERS %V 7 %P 3512-3517 %8 NOV %G eng %R 10.1021/nl072129d %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2007 %T Observation of whispering gallery modes in nanocrystalline diamond microdisks %A Wang, C. F. %A Choi, Y.-S. %A Lee, J. C. %A Hu, E. L. %A Yang, J. %A Butler, J. E. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 90 %8 FEB 19 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2709626 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2007 %T Wavelength- and material-dependent absorption in GaAs and AlGaAs microcavities %A Michael, C. P. %A Srinivasan, K. %A Johnson, T. J. %A Painter, O. %A Lee, K. H. %A Hennessy, K. %A Kim, H. %A Hu, E. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 90 %8 JAN 29 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2435608 %0 Journal Article %J NATURE PHOTONICS %D 2007 %T Room-temperature continuous-wave lasing in GaN/InGaN microdisks %A Tamboli, Adele C. %A Haberer, Elaine D. %A Sharma, Rajat %A Lee, Kwan H. %A Nakamura, Shuji %A Hu, Evelyn L. %B NATURE PHOTONICS %V 1 %P 61-64 %8 JAN %G eng %R 10.1038/nphoton.2006.52 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2007 %T Fabrication and characterization of two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities in nanocrystalline diamond %A Wang, C. F. %A Hanson, R %A Awschalom, D. D. %A Hu, E. L. %A Feygelson, T. %A Yang, J. %A Butler, J. E. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 91 %8 NOV 12 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2813023 %0 Journal Article %J NATURE %D 2007 %T Quantum nature of a strongly coupled single quantum dot-cavity system %A Hennessy, K. %A Badolato, A. %A Winger, M. %A Gerace, D. %A Atatuere, M. %A Gulde, S. %A Faelt, S. %A Hu, E. L. %A Imamoglu, A. %B NATURE %V 445 %P 896-899 %8 FEB 22 %G eng %R 10.1038/nature05586 %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS %D 2006 %T Structural defects in Si-doped III-V nitrides %A Zakharov, Dmitri N. %A Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna %A Gao, Yan %A Hu, Evelyn %B JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS %V 35 %P 1543-1546 %8 JUL %G eng %R 10.1007/s11664-006-0146-5 %0 Journal Article %J IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS %D 2006 %T Compact broadband photonic crystal filters with reduced back-reflections for monolithic InP-based photonic integrated circuits %A Davanco, M. %A Xing, AM %A Raring, JW %A Hu, E. 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D. %B PHYSICAL REVIEW B %V 72 %8 OCT %G eng %R 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.161303 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2005 %T Vertically oriented GaN-based air-gap distributed Bragg reflector structure fabricated using band-gap-selective photoelectrochemical etching %A Sharma, R %A Haberer, ED %A Meier, C %A Hu, E. L. %A Nakamura, S. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 87 %8 AUG 1 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2008380 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2005 %T GaN blue photonic crystal membrane nanocavities %A Choi, YS %A Hennessy, K. %A Sharma, R %A Haberer, E %A Gao, Y %A DenBaars, SP %A Nakamura, S. %A Hu, E. L. %A Meier, C %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 87 %8 DEC 12 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2147713 %0 Journal Article %J PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS %D 2005 %T Photon statistics from coupled quantum dots %A Gerardot, BD %A Strauf, S. %A DeDood, MJA %A Bychkov, AM %A Badolato, A. %A Hennessy, K. %A Hu, E. L. %A Bouwmeester, D. %A Petroff, P. M. %B PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS %V 95 %8 SEP 23 %G eng %R 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.137403 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2005 %T Photonic bands in two-dimensionally patterned multimode GaN waveguides for light extraction %A David, A. %A Meier, C %A Sharma, R %A Diana, FS %A DenBaars, SP %A Hu, E. %A Nakamura, S. %A Weisbuch, C. %A Benisty, H %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 87 %8 SEP 5 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.2039987 %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2005 %T Tuning photonic crystal nanocavity modes by wet chemical digital etching %A Hennessy, K. %A Badolato, A. %A Tamboli, A %A Petroff, P. M. %A Hu, E. %A Atature, M %A Dreiser, J %A Imamoglu, A. %B APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %V 87 %8 JUL 11 %G eng %R 10.1063/1.1992656 %0 Journal Article %J SCIENCE %D 2005 %T Deterministic coupling of single quantum dots to single nanocavity modes %A Badolato, A. %A Hennessy, K. %A Atature, M %A Dreiser, J %A Hu, E. %A Petroff, P. M. %A Imamoglu, A. %B SCIENCE %V 308 %P 1158-1161 %8 MAY 20 %G eng %R 10.1126/science.1109815 %0 Journal Article %J NANO LETTERS %D 2005 %T Programmable assembly of nanoarchitectures using genetically engineered viruses %A Huang, Y. %A Chiang, CY %A Lee, SK %A Gao, Y %A Hu, E. L. %A De Yoreo, J %A Belcher, AM %B NANO LETTERS %V 5 %P 1429-1434 %8 JUL %G eng %R 10.1021/nl050795d %0 Journal Article %J ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY %D 2004 %T Activated 3-dimensional titania nanostructures for optoelectronic and photonic applications. %A Bartl, MH %A Frindell, KL %A Hu, E. L. %A Stucky, GD %B ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY %V 228 %P U27 %8 AUG 22 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS %D 2004 %T InP photonic crystal membrane structures: Fabrication accuracy and optical performance %A Xing, AM %A Darvanco, M %A Blumenthal, DJ %A Hu, E. 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